Installer d’abord CURL :

apt install curl

Puis installer docker à partir du site officiel :

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sh

Ne lancez pas vos docker en root mais avec un utilisateur :

If you would like to use Docker as a non-root user, you should now consider
adding your user to the “docker” group with something like:

sudo usermod -aG docker your-user

Remember that you will have to log out and back in for this to take effect!

WARNING: Adding a user to the “docker” group will grant the ability to run
containers which can be used to obtain root privileges on the
docker host.
Refer to https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/security/#docker-daemon-attack-surface
for more information.