Asterisk CLI – Mon Wiki

The Asterisk command line interface (CLI) is reached by using the Linux shell command
asterisk -r or rasterisk

If you want debugging output, add one or many v:s
asterisk -vvvvvr

The Asterisk server has to be running in the background for the CLI to start.

If you want to run a CLI command in a shell script, use the x option

asterisk -rx “logger reload”

For help in the CLI mode, use the core show help command (formerly help). To get help on various applications you can use in the extensions.conf config file, use the core show applications command (formerly show applications).

General commands

!<command>: Executes a given shell command
abort halt: Cancel a running halt
add extension: Add new extension into context
add ignorepat: Add new ignore pattern
add indication: Add the given indication to the country
agent show: Show status of Asterisk Agents
debug channel: Enable debugging on a channel
dont include: Remove a specified include from context
help: Display help list, or specific help on a command
include context: Include context in another context
load: Load a dynamic module by name
logger reload: Reopen log files. Use after rotating the log files.
mixmonitor {start|stop|list}: Execute a MixMonitor command.
no debug channel: Disable debugging on a channel
originate: originate a call.
remove extension: Remove a specified extension
remove ignorepat: Remove ignore pattern from context
remove indication: Remove the given indication from the country
save dialplan: Overwrites your current extensions.conf file with an exported version based on the current state of the dialplan. A backup copy of your old extensions.conf is not saved. The initial values of global variables defined in the [globals] category retain their previous initial values; the current values of global variables are not written into the new extensions.conf. Using “save dialplan” will result in losing any comments in your current extensions.conf.
dialplan save (1.4): BROKEN, doesn’t parse correctly. Overwrites your current extensions.conf file with an exported version based on the current state of the dialplan. A backup copy of your old extensions.conf is not saved. The initial values of global variables defined in the [globals] category retain their previous initial values; the current values of global variables are not written into the new extensions.conf. Using “save dialplan” will result in losing any comments in your current extensions.conf.
set verbose: Set level of verboseness
show applications: Shows registered applications
show application: Describe a specific application
show channel: Display information on a specific channel
show channels: Display information on channels
show codecs: Display information on codecs
show conferences: Show status of conferences
show dialplan: Show dialplan
show hints: Show registered hints
show image formats: Displays image formats
show indications: Show a list of all country/indications
show locals: Show status of local channels
show manager command: Show manager commands
show manager connect: Show connected manager users
show parkedcalls: Lists parked calls
show queues: Show status of queues
show switches: Show alternative switches
show translation: Display translation matrix
soft hangup: Request a hangup on a given channel – in Asterisk 1.6.2: “channel request hangup <name>”
show voicemail users: List defined voicemail boxes
show voicemail zones: List zone message formats
devstate change: Change state of a custom device (new in Asterisk 1.6.0)

Server management

restart gracefully: Restart Asterisk gracefully, i.e. stop receiving new calls and restart at empty call volume
restart now: Restart Asterisk immediately
restart when convenient: Restart Asterisk at empty call volume
reload: Reload configuration
stop gracefully: Gracefully shut down Asterisk, i.e. stop receiving new calls and shut down at empty call volume
stop now: Shut down Asterisk immediately
stop when convenient: Shut down Asterisk at empty call volume
dialplan reload: Reload extensions and only extensions (formerly extensions reload)
unload: Unload a dynamic module by name
show modules: List modules and info about them
show uptime: Show uptime information
show version: Display Asterisk version info

AGI commands

show agi: Show AGI commands or specific help
dump agihtml: Dumps a list of agi command in html format

Database handling commands

database del: Removes database key/value
database deltree: Removes database keytree/values
database get: Gets database value
database put: Adds/updates database value
database show: Shows database contents
database showkey: Shows database contents: An alternative to showing keys by family with database show, this command shows all the families with a particular key

IAX Channel commands

iax2 debug: Enable IAX debugging
iax2 no debug: Disable IAX debugging
iax2 set jitter: Sets IAX jitter buffer
iax2 show cache: Display IAX cached dialplan
iax2 show channels: Show active IAX channels
iax2 show netstats: Show network and jitter buffer statistics for active IAX calls
iax2 show peers: Show defined IAX peers
iax2 show registry: Show IAX registration status
iax2 show stats: Display IAX statistics
iax2 show users: Show defined IAX users
iax2 trunk debug: Request IAX trunk debug
iax debug: Enable IAX debugging
iax no debug: Disable IAX debugging
iax set jitter: Sets IAX jitter buffer
iax show cache: Display IAX cached dialplan
iax show channels: Show active IAX channels
iax show peers: Show defined IAX peers
iax show registry: Show IAX registration status
iax show stats: Display IAX statistics
iax show users: Show defined IAX users
init keys: Initialize RSA key passcodes
show keys: Displays RSA key information

SIP channel commands

Debugging
- Enable
  - sip debug
  - sip set debug on (valid on 1.6.2.7)
- Disable
  - sip no debug
  - sip set debug off (valid on 1.6.2.7)
sip reload: Reload sip.conf (added after 0.7.1 on 2004-01-23)
sip show channels: Show active SIP channels
sip show channel: Show detailed SIP channel info
sip show inuse: List all inuse/limit
sip show peers: Show defined SIP peers (clients that register to your Asterisk server)
sip show registry: Show SIP registration status (when Asterisk registers as a client to a SIP Proxy)
sip show subscriptions: Lists all sip presence (busy lamp indication) subscriptions
sip show users: Show defined SIP users

Zap channel commands

zap destroy channel: Destroy a channel
zap show channels: Show active zapata channels
zap show channel: Show information on a channel
zap show status: lists all the Zaptel spans. A span will apear here whether or not its channels are configured with chan_zap.
zap show cadences: Show the configured ring cadences (available e.g with Zap/1r2).
zap set swgain(<= 1.6): set the (software) gain for a channel. Temporary equivalents of rxgain and txgain in zapata.conf.
zap set hwgain(<=1.6): set the hardware gain for channels that support it.
zap set dnd(<=1.6) set a channel’s do-not-disturb mode on or off.

The following commands are available if the channel is built with support for libpri:

pri debug span: Enables PRI debugging on a span
pri intense debug span: Enables REALLY INTENSE PRI debugging
pri no debug span: Disables PRI debugging on a span
pri show spans: List spans and their status.
pri show span: Information about a span.
pri show debug: show where debug is enabled.

See section 3 of AT&T tr41459_99 to better understand what the output generated by the pri debug command means.

Bristuff adds bri debug which is an alias for pri debug.

TODO: SS7 support in 1.6.

Console channel commands

dial: Dials the given extension, if specified, from the console. Can be used to initiate a call, or to dial digits during an existing call.
answer: Answer a call if one is currently ringing on the console.
hangup: Hangup the call if there is currently one on the console.

MGCP channel commands

mgcp audit endpoint: Audit specified MGCP endpoint
mgcp debug: Enable MGCP debugging
mgcp no debug: Disable MGCP debugging
mgcp show endpoints: Show defined MGCP endpoints

skinny channel commands

skinny debug: Enable Skinny debugging
skinny no debug: Disable Skinny debugging
skinny show lines: Show defined Skinny lines per device

CAPI channel commands

capi debug: Enable CAPI debugging
capi no debug: Disable CAPI debugging
capi info: Show CAPI info

Sirrix ISDN channel commands

srx reload: Reload channel driver configuration; active calls are not being terminated!
srx show ccmsgs: Disable / enable output of incoming callcontrol messages.
srx show chans: Show info about B-Channels
srx show globals: Show info about global settings
srx show groups: Show info about configured groups
srx show layers: Show info about ISDN stack (Layer 1, 2, 3)
srx show sxpvts: Show private info about active channels
srx show timers: Show info about running timers

Batch files with CLI

If you meant “can Asterisk read a series of commands from a file” the
answer is no, but something like the following may do:

cat batch-file\
| awk ‘{printf “/usr/sbin/asterisk -r -x \”%s\”\n”, $0}’\
| sh

The above is very slow, though. A faster option is to use socat and write the commands directly to the Asterisk socket.

#!/bin/sh
while read line
do 
      echo -n "$line"
      sleep 0.001
done \
| socat STDIN UNIX-CONNECT:/var/run/asterisk/asterisk.ctl

Another version without socat :

#!/bin/sh
while read line; do
  echo "$line" | tr '\n' '\0'
  sleep 0.001
done | nc -U /var/run/asterisk/asterisk.ctl

The short sleep is only needed to guarantee that every line is written in a separate write() call. It will not print any output from any command, though, or even report an error. And you’ll have to end your “programs” with a “quit” line.

Sources

Mon Wiki